Milutin Milankovitch

MILUTUN MILANKOVIĆ (1879 - 1958.)
(Short biography)

Milutin Milankovitch, astronomer, geophysicist, climate scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, doctor of technology, university professor, writer, was born in Dalj 28th May 1879th into a respectable family. About our ancestors, in the genealogy that has been compiled for the period Since 1690. to 1940. year Milanković says:
"Milanko offspring, which they called after him Milankovici, live in the next two and a half centuries. His ability and aspiration to a higher ranking went up to the intellectuals and fakultetlija but his third knee, my Pradedem Theodore, who has graduated in law and trained, and their sons. " (Memories, experiences and insights, 1879 - 1909th, childhood and adolescence, p. 10.)
Milutinov father Milan and mother Jelisaveta, from respectable family Muačević Osijek, gave way to six children, three of whom died in childhood and early adolescence, a dugovjeki were only Milutin, his twin sister, Milena, and younger brother Bogdan, known Romanist and musicologist. Milan Milankovic held the action to colonial goods, which is the Danube ships coming from Vienna, Pressburg and Budapest. Milutinov father died very young, when Milutin was only six years, so that the care of children and the estate of over fifty acres of arable land and vineyards, next to the mother, took over their uncle Muačević Vasa, who will take care of Milutin long as this does not starts its own means of making the practice of engineering.
Milutin was not regularly attending elementary school, but he had a private tutor and all four grades of elementary school passed the odjednom1889. year. Great influence on the formation of personality Milanković was the birthplace and its environment, especially the majestic Danube, which is proticao addition to their gardens.
"When night fell and the sky appeared in that legion of stars who are seen only in the wild, the Danube looked more beautiful, more mysterious and nobler than during the day. And when it forms moonlight, it was magical. It was a pleasure to sit in our garden, to observe its silver talaščiće and listen to their noise. On the other side of his flesh with the song Hora trees countless singers. These were the frogs ... we gladly listen to the music. It was the anthem of life, nature and eternal Zvezdan sky over our heads. "(Op. p.78.)

Year 1889. Milutin is entered in the gymnasium in Osijek. Here the decisive role in his life's commitment to have a mathematics professor Vladimir Varićak, later a famous mathematician, member of the Academy and SANU.
"For me Varićak said that in the realm of science is somewhere uninhabited and uncultivated areas outside or between dense settlement apprenticeships. Flock to think where you are completely or inadequately treated end that there would have to acquire his humble apprenticeship posed, and perhaps the entire estate. "

Year 1896. entered Milanković to study construction techniques, where for six years acquired the status of graduate engineers, and 1904th He became a doctor of technical sciences. Since 1905. to 1909. works as a construction engineer in several companies of Vienna, and gained recognition as the designer of reinforced - concrete buildings. Reported six patents whose application will be built many facilities in the area of ​​the former Austro-Hungarian monarchy.

At the invitation of the famous scientist John Cvijića, Mihailo Petrovic and Bogdan Gavrilovic, Milanković leaving the lucrative job and accepting a position as associate professor of applied mathematics at only founded the University of Belgrade. This duty will remain until his retirement in 1955th year.

In the meantime he was elected full member of SANU and corresponding member of the Academy, he spent the first world war interned in Budapest, published his most important works, participated in international scientific meetings.

He died in Belgrade on 12th December 1958th , and by his own wish, his remains were transferred to Dalj, 1966. years, where he rests in his family grave with his parents, sisters, brothers and numerous ancestors among whom were peasants and warriors, generals and officers, court counselors and popular tribunes, inventor and philosopher.
Entrusted to its inhabitants, Daljcima to take care of his mortal remains and his spirit and work have long been part of world heritage.

Milanković dealt with crucial issues of human and cosmic, sun and ice, from which depends on the relationship between appearance and survival of life in the universe. In modest circumstances, with the help of pen and paper, mathematically explain the causes, onset and duration of ice ages on Earth, proving the connection between celestial mechanics and the Earth's climate, set theory shifts the Earth's north pole.

The most significant Milankovitch's work on the application of the mathematical theory of conducting heat to the problems of cosmic physics and Kanon insolation of the Earth and its application to the problem of ice ages.
In addition, Milanković is significant and as a writer. His book of popular science and the Universe Through the centuries is one of the best in its genre, as well as trotomni memoir memories, experiences and insights, where memories of the birth house, Dalj and its environs printed exceptional lyrical tones.

Milanković invented yet najpreciznijeg calendar, which is the calendar year, only 2 seconds longer than the current tropical year. Milankovićev calendar would require correction only for 28,000 years. This calendar was officially adopted by the Ecumenical Assembly in Istanbul 1923rd years, but never implemented in practice.

Like all visionaries, Milankovic did not live to his theories gain full recognition. It is only since 1976. when the empirical studies have demonstrated the accuracy Milankovićevih theory, his reputation in the science world is soaring.

His capital work Canon of insolation and its application to the problem of ice time has been classified in the most important scientific works of 20th Ages. Milutin Milanković World of Science is ranked among the top 5 apprentices 20th century, and NASA, the agency for space exploration, among the 15 greatest scientists of all time dealing with the planet Earth.
In Milankovićevu honor of a crater on the Moon, Mars and one on a planetoid called by his name. One of the future expeditions to Mars noses Milankovićevo name. UNESCO in 2009. year, the 130th naučnikovog anniversary of the birth, declared Milankovićevom year. In the world held an international scientific Simpozijumi dedicated Milankovic, and global climate change on Earth makes his work a permanent current.